Turkish Han

The Hans played a crucial role in the economic and social life of Istanbul during the Ottoman era, and many of them continue to serve as important commercial and cultural centres to this day. The term "Han" is derived from Persian and Arabic roots, reflecting the diverse influences of the Ottoman Empire. The concept evolved from earlier caravanserais, which were roadside inns catering to travellers and merchants along trade routes. Hans were hubs for commerce, particularly in bustling cities like Istanbul, where Merchants from different regions interacted, shared news, and built professional networks in these spaces. Hans were typically built around a central courtyard, which provided space for loading and unloading goods and was often equipped with a fountain in the centre for washing and drinking. The ground floor was usually dedicated to shops, storage rooms, and stables whereas the upper floors housed offices and sleeping quarters. Hans facilitated the flourishing of the Ottoman economy by supporting merchants and connecting trade routes, for instance, they played a crucial role in the Silk Road and spice trade networks. Many Ottoman-era hans have survived, though their purposes have evolved. Some Hans have been restored and serve as cultural or historical landmarks, whilst others house shops, cafes, or artisanal workshops. The Hans around the Grand Bazaar are particularly well-preserved, offering visitors unique insights into the Ottoman commercial world as well as its architectural ingenuity.