Edinburgh Castle

For nearly 1000 years Edinburgh Castle has shaped Scottish history as both a royal residence and a military stronghold.

TravelCurious Tip

Choose a day without fog to visit so you can enjoy the panoramic views from the ramparts

Edinburgh Castle, perched above dark crags of Castle Rock, rules the city’s skyline. The place feels ancient, and archaeological digs have indicated that humans have lived there since the Iron Age. The royal castle has been in place since at least the reign of David I in the 12th century, but over the years its role has evolved. Initially a royal residence, by the 17th century it was mainly used for military purposes, and now its one of the most prized and iconic tourist sights in Scotland.


The Entrance Gateway is flanked by statues of the national heroes Robert the Bruce and William Wallace. The castle remains a living, working environment and holds a maze of cobbled pathways that transport you through history. Inside the walls you will find the Royal Palace and Great Hall, the Crown Jewels, the National War Museum of Scotland, and the Romanesque St Margaret’s Chapel, which dates from the 12th century and is thought to be the oldest building in Edinburgh. 


Crown Jewels

Following the Act of Union in 1707, when the Kingdoms of Scotland and England were united to form Great Britain, Scotland’s crown jewels were locked away in a chest and forgotten, until they were unearthed at the request of the novelist Sir Walter Scott in 1818. The crown was made in 1540 from the gold of Robert the Bruce’s 14th century coronet. Along with the sword and sceptre, these treasures can now be seen by visitors.


Stronghold

Edinburgh Castle holds still more treasures for military buffs. Get there in time for the one-o-clock gun and you can enjoy the boom of a gleaming WWII 25-pounder. Next to St. Margaret’s Cathedral sits Mons Meg, a colossal medieval bombard with a 20 inch barrel diameter. Meg probably saw a lot of use: recent research concluded that Edinburgh Castle has endured 26 sieges in its roughly one thousand year history, making it the most besieged place in Great Britain. 

Nearby Attractions

See all attractions in Edinburgh
Grassmarket
Situated below Edinburgh Castle, the Grassmarket area was not only used for trading throughout the centuries but also for public executions.
George Heriot's School
An outstanding example of Scots Renaissance architecture, now known worldwide as a mecca for Harry Potter fans.
Rose Street
Famous for centuries of drinking establishments, Rose Street is one of Edinburgh's most famous places for a pub crawl or a few after-work drinks.
Charlotte Square
This prestigious square is the architectural jewel of the New Town.
George Heriot’s School / Hogwarts
Spot as many similarities as you can between George Heriot’s School and Hogwarts!
Dirty Dick's
Over the last century, Dirty Dick's has become an establishment of myth. Enjoy its candlelit ambiance and traditional amber ales.

Related Tours

Secrets of the Royal Mile: Private 2.5-hour Walking Tour

Explore the cobbled alleyways of the Royal Mile, uncovering the culture and history of Edinburgh's Old Town in the heart of Scotland's historic capital. Take a walk down the mile-long street in the Old Town of Edinburgh, which connects Edinburgh Castle and Holyrood Palace. The name was given to the location in the 15th century when King James IV began a royal palace at the bottom of Castlehill and undertook large-scale rebuilding along the route.

On your private tour, you will:

  • Enjoy a walking tour of Edinburgh's old town with a private licensed guide;
  • Enjoy a breathtaking view from the Vennel Viewpoint, a great place to snap a picture of Edinburgh Castle;
  • Admire the Palace of Holyroodhouse and hear about political controversy outside the Scottish Parliament;
  • Pass by the historic John Knox House and hear about its history;
  • Walk along the iconic Royal Mile, and discuss the history of Edinburgh;
  • Walkthrough the City Chambers, place of the City of Edinburgh Council and its predecessors;
  • Walk by Victoria Street and see one of the most photographed locations in the city and hear about Harry Potter stories;
  • Pass by St Giles Cathedral, founded in 1124 by King David I with its famed crown spire;
  • End your tour outside the entrance of Calton Hill, which you can climb up to explore at your own leisure.


This tour is the perfect introductory tour for anyone arriving in Edinburgh for the first time. On your tour, you will visit Edinburgh’s main thoroughfare running through Old Town, from Edinburgh Castle to the beautiful Palace of Holyrood House.

Be completely immersed in the rich Scottish history that is ever-present amongst the medieval labyrinth of cobblestone alleyways and tenements. Home to the fascinating St Giles Cathedral, Parliament Square and John Knox House, The Royal Mile is a UNESCO World Heritage Site full of secrets not to be missed.

Whilst exploring Old Town, one cannot help but notice Edinburgh Castle looming over the city. Your expert local guide will tell you about the fascinating history of this enigmatic fortress, including many of the bloody battles that took place here, such as the War of Independence between Scotland and England in the 14th Century, as well as its present-day use as headquarters for the Scottish Division.

Your tour finishes at Calton Hill, where we recommend you climb to explore the views at your own leisure.

Edinburgh in a Day: Full-Day Private Tour with Edinburgh Castle

With one dormant volcano, seven hills, clusters of cobbled streets and tantalising vistas waiting around every bend, Edinburgh is a fabulous place for a wander - especially with a private tour guide. Discover the history and beauty of Edinburgh's cobbled streets as you explore Medieval Old Town and Neoclassical New Town. Take a stroll down Edinburgh's streets and alleys, discovering its fascinating history and rich culture, with highlights including the Royal Mile, Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh Castle and much more.

On your private, full-day tour you will:

  • Walk the iconic Royal Mile, a remarkable street housing Europe's original ‘skyscrapers’;
  • Enjoy a breathtaking view from Calton Hill;
  • Venture into the beautiful neoclassical New Town;
  • Stroll through the beautiful Princes Street Gardens;
  • Explore Heriot Row, one of Edinburgh's most attractive and fancy streets;
  • Walkthrough Charlotte Square gardens are one of the most pretty squares in Edinburgh and designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site;
  • Visit Edinburgh Castle and learn about the fascinating history of this mysterious castle, including many bloody battles, such as the War of Independence between Scotland and England in the 14th Century;
  • Stop for a lunch break at the famous Grass Market
  • Walk by Victoria Street and see one of the most photographed locations in the city and hear about Harry Potter stories;
  • Explore the National Museum of Scotland, from artistic explorations by Leonardo da Vinci to the Burke and Hare murders;
  • Walk by the historic 15th-century John Knox House, home to an influential church leader of the Protestant Reformation in Scotland;
  • See the famous restaurant Dome and pass by St Giles Cathedral, the cradle of the Scottish Reformation during the 16th century;
  • Admire the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the King's Official Residence in Scotland, and hear about political controversy outside the Scottish Parliament.


A tour of Edinburgh would not be complete without a visit to Scotland’s most famous historic attraction: Edinburgh Castle. Here you will learn about the fascinating history of this mysterious castle. Stop to enjoy lunch at your leisure (price not included). Your guide will be happy to point out the best place whenever you're ready to give your legs a rest and grab a leisurely bite.

You will have the chance to view the Scottish Parliament, one of the most controversial buildings in Scotland given its construction going 10 times over budget, and admire the grand Palace of Holyroodhouse, home to the Monarchy in Scotland. The breathtaking view from Calton Hill will make you fall in love with the Scottish capital forever.

Venturing into the beautiful neoclassical New Town, built in the 18th Century, enjoy a true marvel of urban planning. As you walk through the main streets and squares of Edinburgh's New Town, you will find yourself impressed by the lavish 18th-century neoclassical and Georgian architecture. Enjoy a leisurely stroll in the beautiful Princes Street Gardens, which lies at the centre of Edinburgh's World Heritage Site. 

The Best of Edinburgh: Private Walking Tour with Edinburgh Castle

On this half-day walking tour of Edinburgh, you will discover some of the most important historical sites of Scotland, including the world-famous Royal Mile, a guided tour of Edinburgh Castle, and a medieval labyrinth of cobblestone alleyways and tenements that comprise this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

On your private walking tour, you will: 

  • Enjoy a breathtaking view from Calton Hill with your private tour guide;
  • Admire the Palace of Holyroodhouse and hear about political controversy outside the Scottish Parliament;
  • See the historic John Knox House and hear about its history;
  • Walk along the iconic Royal Mile, and discuss the history of Edinburgh's Old Town;
  • Walk by the City Chambers, the place of the City of Edinburgh Council and its predecessors;
  • Walk by Victoria Street and see one of the most photographed locations in the city and hear about Harry Potter stories;
  • Pass by the imposing St Giles Cathedral, known also as the High Kirk of Edinburgh, founded in 1124 by King David I;
  • Enjoy a 30-minute tour of Edinburgh Castle, with a long rich history as a royal residence, military garrison, prison and fortress;
  • End your tour at Edinburgh Castle, where you can continue to explore at your leisure. 

On your private tour, your expert guide will take you into Old Town’s maze of streets and concealed courtyards, where you will learn about the city’s ‘closes’- cramped alleyways, and ‘wynds’ - narrow lanes between houses.

Hear about the many characters who lived and died here, including Deacon Brodie, town councilman by day and master thief by night, who inspired Robert Louis Stevenson's novel The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.

You will also have the chance to see the imposing St Giles Cathedral from the outside – the seat of Scottish Christianity for over nine centuries and the cradle of the Scottish Reformation during the 16th century.

Found on the High Street in Edinburgh’s Old Town, it dominates the city’s skyline, with its crowned steeple making a distinctive signature. The current building dates from the 15th century, but there has been a church on the site since early in the 12th.

A tour of Edinburgh would not be complete without learning about Scotland’s most famous historic attraction: Edinburgh Castle. Your guide will take you on a brief private tour of the castle, before leaving you to explore it at your own pace. 

Edinburgh's Haunted History: Private Half-Day Walking Tour

Explore the haunted history of Edinburgh on this fascinating tour of Scotland's capital city's dark side, famous for its imposing and rather spooky Gothic architecture, local legends, and ghostly sightings.

On your private tour, you will:

  • Enjoy the atmospheric and dramatic storytelling of your expert guide;
  • Explore the haunted nooks and crannies, monuments, streets and cemeteries of Edinburgh;
  • Start your ghost tour at the Witchery on Castle Hill; 
  • Explore Edinburgh's historic Old Town - rife with stories of battles and bloodshed;
  • Learn of the hundreds of men and women who were burned at stake on Castle Hill for witchcraft over 200 years;
  • Stroll down the Royal Mile, deceptively innocent, it is rife with tales of tortured prisoners in the vaults beneath the streets, and ghostly sitings;
  • Walk through dark courtyards and mysterious alleyways, hearing chilling tales of executions, murder, torture, ghosts, and witchcraft in Edinburgh through the 16th and 17th centuries; 
  • Arrive at North Bridge, with a view to the majestic-looking hotel and former HQ of the Scotsman with many ghost stories;
  • Discover the picturesque Calton Hill, whose beautiful templed, romantic views and gothic cemetery disguise some chilling tales, from witch burnings to the mausoleum of David Hume; 
  • Explore the eerie Kirkyard Cemetery at Canongate, dating back to the 17th century;
  • Return to the Royal Mile and end outside Edinburgh's imposing castle, a fortress steeped in ghostly tales. 


Meet your passionate guide in the heart of Edinburgh's Old Town, outside the Witchery - an atmospheric restaurant named for the hundreds of people who were burned at the stake over a period of 200 years during the 1500s and 1600s.

Begin your tour walking down Castle Hill, above the haunted vaults of the city. Back in the 11th century when King Malcolm III first built the castle, conditions in these prisoners' vaults were dark and hellish... today the streets are rife with tales of ghostly hauntings, sitings, and the wailing of torture victims, long since dead...

Living conditions in the rest of the city could also be dirty and filthy; crime was rife and punishments were swift, harsh, and violent, with many a thief ending his life at the gallows on the Grassmarket. Sometimes you can hear the creaking rope in the wind... 

Your fascinating Edinburgh ghost tour is an immersive, eerie experience that delves into the city’s most haunted nooks and crannies. Hear tales of terror, explore local legends, and discover the historic scenes of butchery and bloodshed. Your private guide will lead you on a slow-paced stroll through Edinburgh’s ancient streets and hidden passages in the Old Town.

You'll visit the picturesque Calton Hill, and discover the gory tales hidden beneath its peaceful facade, like the witch burnings and the restless ghosts that seek revenge. Visit the eerie cemetery that houses the mausoleum of philosopher David Hume - rumoured to have made a pact with the devil.

And walk through the 17th-century Canongate kirkyard, where over 30 phantoms are said to reside.
Hear how the city of Edinburgh inspired Robert Louis Stevenson to write his Gothic novel Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.

End back on the Royal Mile and the fortress-like Castle, whose own history is steeped in the history of bloody battles and betrayals!

Please note: as this is a private tour, your guide will be able to make each story as eerie or as kid-friendly as you request to have the best experience for everyone.

Taste the Best Scottish Ales: Rose Street Private Pub Tour

Embark on a journey through time & heritage, from old to new within the heart of Edinburgh, home to many of the UK’s oldest drinking establishments, with local pubs (or ‘locals’) at the heart of communities all over the city. The city’s Rose Street is one of the most famous streets in Scotland, and for good reason – this intimate and friendly lane has played host to many great people over the years. Its pubs are still alive today with great stories, great beers and amazing food.

On your Rose Street private pub tour, you will:

  • Enjoy a walking tour of the famous Rose Street area in Edinburgh;
  • Stop at many traditional taverns and soak up the cosy, old-fashioned atmosphere of Edinburgh’s historic pubs;
  • Learn about the history of traditional Scottish whisky and the cultural identity it has in Scotland;
  • Taste Scotch whiskey from independent distilleries, single malts craft blends and more;
  •  Enjoy the pub aroma of brass polish, yeast, hops and malt intermingled with the honeyed smell of Scotch whiskey and smouldering, smoky embers;
  • Visit three of the best-selected of the city’s 700 pubs (that’s one every 83 metres) in a population of 500,000;
  • Sip a pint of Scottish beer such as Belhaven Scottish Ale and Scottish Oat Stout;
  • Hear fascinating tales of Edinburgh’s centuries-old pub culture;
  • Enjoy a tasting of either a local beer, house wine, or a wee dram (single shot) of whisky at each of the three pubs;
  • End your tour outside the entrance of Calton Hill, where you can climb up to continue exploring at your own leisure.


From the Middle Ages’ spit-and-sawdust pubs that provided merriment for the poor, to 19th-century inns that offered an ear to life’s successes and misfortunes, pubs have been a cornerstone of Scottish society for centuries, serving as default venues for every occasion.

Rose Street, a narrow traffic-free stone stretch running parallel to the main thoroughfare, is Edinburgh’s drinking heartland. Every pub in Rose Street has a tale to tell, from the bizarre and macabre to the curious. It is also famed in local lore for its drinking game – the Rose Street Challenge – in which pub-goers are dared to take a wee dram at every bar.

On your Tour of Edinburgh’s Historic Pubs, swerve the mediocre and over-hyped to seek out pubs with authentic character. Your tour guide - a local expert - will take you to three of the best pubs on Rose Street, where you will enjoy a pour of whiskey or a pint at each stop (up to three drinks included).

Nothing evokes bygone bars like the unmistakable smell of brass polish, yeast, hops and malt intermingled with the honeyed smell of Scotch whiskey and smouldering, smoky embers in the grate.

Perchance you’ll enjoy a tipple at The Abbotsford Bar, built-in 1902, and famed for its eye-catching centrepiece island bay crafted from dark-brown Spanish mahogany, divided into small serving ports by intricately carved railings. Another curious haunt, Milnes of Rose Street, has been a popular poetic pit stop with generations of quill-wielding Scottish writers since 1910.

With its mind-boggling array of whiskeys, Scotts is the oldest drinking establishment on the block, pouring its first pint in 1790 - when George III was on the throne. Quirky artefacts ensure the decor is as oddball as its name, which honours a thirsty local man from centuries past who shovelled horse dung off the streets.

No matter where you choose to pop into, each Rose Street pub will have a rich story to share with you.

The Best of Edinburgh in a London Taxi: Private Half-Day Tour

Enjoy a personalised journey through the captivating city of Edinburgh in a London Taxi with a knowledgeable driver-guide and explore the most iconic landmarks and hidden gems that Scotland's capital has to offer. 

On this private half-day tour, you will:

  • Discover the medieval charm of the historic Royal Mile, the city's oldest street, stretching from the Castle to the Palace of Holyroodhouse;
  • Marvel at the iconic architecture of Edinburgh Castle, perched high on Castle Rock;
  • Learn about Royal Heritage as you admire the Palace of Holyrood, the residence of the British Monarch;
  • Capture memorable photos from Calton Hill against the backdrop of the city;
  • See stunning Gothic architecture and beautiful stained-glass windows in St Giles’ Cathedral from the outside, also known as the High Kirk of Edinburgh; 
  • Wander through Greyfriars Graveyard and hear the story about Greyfriars Bobby, one of the most beloved and iconic dogs in Scotland. 

Immerse yourself in the enchanting allure of Edinburgh in a classic London Taxi. This journey includes the majestic Edinburgh Castle, where ancient stones whisper tales of royal intrigue and epic battles. 

Your knowledgeable guide, well-versed in the city's secrets, will weave stories that bring the past to life as you traverse the iconic Royal Mile, a bustling thoroughfare where history and modernity dance in vibrant harmony.

As you glide smoothly through the city's heart, you'll discover the regal splendour of the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the official residence of the British monarch in Scotland with centuries of royal tradition. 

Explore Calton Hill, where neoclassical monuments stand as sentinels over the city, inviting you to capture unforgettable memories with your camera with a stunning backdrop of the city of Edinburgh.

You will be amazed by the elegance of Edinburgh's New Town as it unfolds before you, with its Georgian architecture and the city's sophisticated charm. As you pass through the serene streets of this UNESCO World Heritage site, you will find very well-preserved facades of Princes Street, George Street, and Charlotte Square that reveal the timeless beauty of the 18th century. 

Throughout this journey, your classic London Taxi, with its plush comfort and iconic style, provides a perfect vantage point from which to experience the magic of Edinburgh, ensuring a tour that is as comfortable as it is enlightening. 

Please be advised that during city events and festivals, the tour itinerary and timings may be subject to change. These alterations are often necessary to ensure the safety and enjoyment of our guests, and to accommodate local regulations and road closures.  

A Day in Edinburgh in a London Taxi: Private Full-Day Tour

Uncover the highlights of Edinburgh with an insightful cabbie as your professional driver and guide who knows every corner of the city. Enjoy iconic landmarks and hidden treasures on this extensive sightseeing tour of Scotland's enchanting capital. 

On this private full-day driving tour, you will:

  • Explore the Historic Royal Mile, the city's oldest street, from Edinburgh Castle to the Palace of Holyroodhouse where centuries of history and modern life intertwine;
  • Admire Edinburgh Castle from the vantage point of Castle Rock, this historic fortress provides stunning views and fascinating stories of royal intrigue and historic battles;
  • Discover the Palace of Holyroodhouse, pass by the official residence of the British Monarch in Scotland, rich in royal history and tradition;
  • Capture scenic views from Calton Hill offering breathtaking panoramas of Edinburgh;
  • See the magnificent stained-glass windows from the outside of the High Kirk of Edinburgh, St Giles’ Cathedral, a prime example of Gothic architecture;
  • Visit Greyfriars Graveyard and learn about the touching tale of Greyfriars Bobby, one of Scotland’s most beloved dogs;
  • Experience the vibrant Grassmarket a historic area, known for its unique boutiques, cafes, and pubs, all steeped in rich history;
  • Enjoy a scenic drive towards Arthur’s Seat and step up this ancient volcano for stunning views over Edinburgh and the surrounding area;
  • Explore the coastal Town of Leith and stroll along the vibrant waterfront of this historic port town, now a lively area with many restaurants and shops;
  • On the tour date, choose between Linlithgow Castle to see the ruins of the birthplace of Mary, Queen of Scots or marvel at the intricate carvings and mysterious symbols of Rosslyn Chapel before heading back to Edinburgh.

Immerse yourself in the charm of Edinburgh from the comfort of a classic London Taxi. Your driving tour includes stops at Edinburgh Castle, where ancient stones tell tales of royalty and conflict.

Your driver-guide, an expert in the city's history, will share captivating stories as you travel along the Royal Mile, a vibrant street where past and present blend seamlessly.

As you travel through the city, you'll encounter the grandeur of the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the British monarch's official Scottish residence with a rich history. Explore Calton Hill, where neoclassical monuments stand guard over the city, offering perfect photo opportunities with Edinburgh as a stunning backdrop.

Be amazed by the elegance of Edinburgh's New Town, with its Georgian architecture and sophisticated charm. As you travel through this UNESCO World Heritage site, you'll see the beautifully preserved buildings of Princes Street, George Street, and Charlotte Square, showcasing the 18th-century's timeless beauty.

Throughout this journey, your classic London Taxi, with its comfort and iconic style, provides the ideal vantage point to experience the allure of Edinburgh, ensuring a tour that is both enjoyable and informative.

Please note that during city events and festivals, the tour itinerary and timings may be subject to change. These adjustments are often necessary to ensure the safety and enjoyment of our guests, and to comply with local regulations and road closures. 

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